nūhou

Wahi a ke kānāwai o Stokes, hiki ke hoʻohauʻoli ʻia nā mea waiwai e ke kukui ikehu kiʻekiʻe a hoʻokuʻu i nā kukui ikehu haʻahaʻa.I nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, hiki i nā mea waiwai ke hoʻokuʻu i ka nalu lōʻihi a me ke kukui haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ke hauʻoli e ka lōʻihi hawewe pōkole a me ke kukui alapine kiʻekiʻe.
ʻO ka mea ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka luminescence upconversion e pili ana i ka mea i hauʻoli ʻia e ka māmā me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a hoʻokuʻu i ka mālamalama me ka ikehu kiʻekiʻe.Ma nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, hoʻopuka ka mea i ka mālamalama me ka nalu pōkole a me ke alapine kiʻekiʻe ke hoʻohauʻoli ʻia e ka mālamalama me ka lōʻihi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.
A hiki i kēia manawa, ua loaʻa ka luminescence upconversion i loko o nā pūhui i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me nā iona honua laha, ka nui o ka fluoride, oxide, sulfur compound, fluorine oxides, halides, etc.
ʻO NaYF4 ka mea substrate me ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka luminescence hoʻololi kiʻekiʻe.No ka laʻana, inā ʻo NaYF4: Er, Yb, ie, ytterbium a me erbiumlua-doped,Hana ʻo Er ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻoulu a ʻo Yb ka sensitizer.